Communication Dashboard Project Description Essay

Correspondence Dashboard Project Description - Essay Example ominance in its business line, the development of the association just as the expanded information traffic in its site is owed to web-based social networking availability which empowers clients to post surveys dependent on direct data or examination. The motivation behind the yelp.com is to gather data from clients all around the San Francisco territory and use it to furnish clients with showcase data in regards to the organizations and associations dynamic in the café business. The overreliance of the website’s surveys from online web based life shows that the organization holds onto innovation and utilizations as a business device. While the site is enlightening in business terms thinking about business-to-client relationship, it additionally helps the café business to keep up customary and supportable development and advancement. Be that as it may, since cry offers data in regards to administrations offered around the San Francisco’s eatery industry, it faces difficulties from rivalry including advisor firms, specialists in advertise investigation, experts with elevated levels of involvement with assessing business execution, just as inner sources that organizations give investors as far as yearly money related outcomes. Based the base factors, this investigation targets breaking down the correspondence procedure of the company’s site as the correspondence vehicle. Cry is an association that utilizes a site to interface clients with clients and organizations with clients as the organization’s site is utilized as the correspondence vehicle. Under the prominent highlights of the site are money related methodologies, business techniques, just as client fascination in San Francisco cafés. San Francisco’s economy is profoundly subject to the number and yield of organizations inside the locale. In view of this case, San Francisco has been applying and actualizing methodologies that can help exchange assets accessible inside the state. Then again, the quantity of visiting clients from different states kept on developing

Heinz marketing SWOT PEST and Five forces Essay Example For Students

Heinz showcasing SWOT PEST and Five powers Essay Heinz showcasing SWOT PEST and Five powers Executive SummaryF.M.C.G. Organization Heinz is the most worldwide U.S. based food organization, with a world-class arrangement of incredible brands holding number 1 and number 2 market positions in excess of 50 overall markets. There are numerous different celebrated brand names in the companys portfolio other than Heinz itself, StarKist, Ore-Ida, Plasmon, and Watties. Truth be told, Heinz possesses in excess of 200 brands far and wide and makes more than 5,700 assortments. The Company was established in 1869 by Henry J Heinz called Heinz and Noble Company. During the 1870s during the downturn the organization went into willful liquidation. The organization was fired up again in 1876 by Henrys family members John and Frederick the organization was called F J Heinz. In 1888 Henry repurchased the organization, in 1905 Henry purchased the main Heinz British plant. English made sponsored beans previously happened to the lines in 1928 and spaghe tti followed in 1930. We break down Heinz utilizing S.W.O.T., P.E.S.T. what's more, Porters five powers. S.W.O.T. Examination: Strengths; Brand names, Market Leader and Slogans and Advertising. Shortcomings; Mature item, Production cost, and other market leadersOpportunities; Market development, Brand name and Consumer FeedbackThreats; Competitors and Brand loyaltyP.E.S.T Analysis:Political Factors; Law, worker enactment and Health and Safety regulationsEconomic Factors; National Economy and Labor marketSocial Factors; Attitudes and Health cognizant, Lifestyle changes and PopulationTechnological Factors; New item improvement, Information innovation and Infrastructure Development. Watchmen five forces:Threat of Entry, is highThreat of Buyers, purchasing power is lowPower of Suppliers, is lowThreat of Substitutes, is mediumCompetitive Rivalry, is medium to highIntroductionWe have completed an investigation on the F.M.C.G Company Heinz. Heinz is the most worldwide U.S based food organization, with a world-class arrangement of ground-breaking brands holding number 1 and number 2 market positions in excess of 50 overall markets. There are numerous different well known brand names in the companys portfolio other than Heinz itself, StarKist, Ore-Ida, Plasmon, and Watties. Truth be told, Heinz possesses in excess of 200 brands far and wide and makes more than 5,700 assortments. In this investigation we examinations the organization utilizing a S.W.O.T examination, P.E.S.T investigation and Porters Five Forces. We additionally addressed the accompanying two questions;1. Recognize 5 qualities that purchasers search for in present day quick moving customer food merchand ise. Contrast the qualities you distinguish and those recognized by another person in your group. 2. Working in a little gathering. Conceptualize a progression of thoughts for the future improvement of Heinz Spaghetti. Having distinguished the thoughts, show them arranged by feasibility. On the data that we assembled and investigations we gave a finish of our discoveries and made a few proposals that may be valuable for Heinz to consider in theyre future organizations arranging. SWOT AnalysisWhat is it?You can utilize a SWOT examination to distinguish and break down the Strengths and Weaknesses of your association, just as the Opportunities and Threats uncovered by the data you have accumulated on the outside condition. Why use it?To build up an arrangement that thinks about various inward and outside components, and expands the capability of the qualities and openings while limiting the effect of the shortcomings and dangers. Strength,h Brand Name; Heinz has gained notoriety for being a quality food, and has done since it was set up in 1869, the organizer Henry J Heinz set out to carry quality and consistency to the customers homes and the brand has brought this quality on as the years progressed. ,h Market Leaders; Today Heinz is one of the universes major worldwide organizations working in around 200 nations, offering in excess of 5,700 items assortments, with No1 and No2 marked business in excess of 50 overall markets. ,h Slogans Advertising; Heinz has consistently been well known for it publicizing and consistently on the cutting edge of new and energizing publicizing and advancements Heinz utilized various methods of including fun and intrigue. The Beanz Meanz Heinz publicizing trademark is one of the best ever V it showed up for a long time. Shortcomings ,h Mature Products: Many of Heinz items have been around for quite a long time and might be declining in deals because of changing customer tastes. For example the item life cycle might be in decay. ,h Production Cost: Heinz has 5,700 item assortments however are just No1 and No2 marked organizations in 50 markets around the world. Hence a portion of the items there are delivering may really be costing them cash to create and appropriate. ,h Other market pioneers: In the business sectors were Heinz isn't the market head the cost of the items may should be dictated by the cost of the item that is the market chiefs. Opportunities,h Market Growth: As the market of Low fat nourishments and accommodation nourishments develop Heinz needs to cause the best of this open doors as they as of now to have some nearness in these business sectors. ,h Brand Name: Heinz has made an imaginative association with Walkers Crisps to dispatch Heinz Tomato Ketchup Flavor Crisp. As Heinz has gained notoriety for good quality customary items they should attempt to search for additional organizations with present day items to go into association with so as to bring there conventional items into the cutting edge FMCG markets. ,h Consumer Feedback: Heinz get a great deal of criticism from their clients and they utilize this data to there full bit of leeway, Heinz realizes that the advancement procedure relies upon creating a flood of new thoughts, Heinz examination buyer input and purchasing propensities to help with new item improvement. Threats,h Competitors: Are consistently a danger to any organization. Heinz has numerous product offerings and therefor there are numerous Companies that may make a danger Heinz. For example Unhitched males and HP Sauces. ,h Brand Loyalty: As there are some a wide range of brands in a similar product offerings, there is an incredible decision of assortment and change in costs accessible to the customer. In this way brand faithfulness isn't as normal nowadays as in earlier years. P.E.S.T AnalysisWhat is it?A PEST investigation is an examination of the outside large scale condition that influences all organizations. P.E.S.T. is an abbreviation for the Political, Economic, Social, and Technological elements of the outside full scale condition. Why use it?Such outside components for the most part are past the organizations control and now and then present themselves as dangers. Notwithstanding, changes in the outer condition likewise make new chances. As an organization had no influence over these components, it ought to comprehends and have the option to foresee and exploit off changes inside their condition. Racial Profiling EssayHenry J Heinz was an enterprising youthful chap at 15 years old he ventured out comfort nourishments. By packaging horseradish in clear glass containers Henry Heinz was unmistakably extraordinary to different makers who packaged their merchandise in shaded glass containers to shroud the modest fillers used to add to the fixings. Here was an item you could trust, since you could see precisely what you were getting, Henry put stock in offering quality items to buyers. In 1869 he set up a block making and food business with a companion, L C Noble. In any case, at that point inconvenience struck even, Heinz and Noble Company couldn't brave the downturn of the 1870s and the organization went into deliberate liquidation. Henry J Heinz anyway convinced his sibling John and cousin Frederick to provide the cash he expected to begin once more. In 1876 Henry turned into the supervisor of F ; J Heinz Company, in 1888, Henry purchased out his family members and the organization H J Heinz the organization was conceived. In 1886 Henry made his first outing to Europe, the world well known market in Piccadilly, London supplied seven assortments of his items. In 1905, he purchased the primary British industrial facility; a pickle producer called Batty and Company for the Heinz business. English made upheld beans previously fell off the line in 1928 and spaghetti followed in 1930. Indeed, even, harking back to the 1800s, Heinz was acclaimed for its promoting. The late 1950s saw the appearance of business TV and the early Heinz ads immediately settled the unrivaled nature of Heinzs items. Continuously on the bleeding edge of new and energizing publicizing and advancements Heinz utilized various methods of including fun and intrigue. In 1961, an earth shattering advancement was sorted out, parting with 27 smaller than expected minors to 57 fortunate Heinz soup fans. England had never observed a prize rivalry very like it. Presently a days Heinz is the most worldwide U.S based food organization, with a world-class arrangement of amazing brands holding number 1 and number 2 market positions in excess of 50 overall markets. There are numerous different celebrated brand names in the companys portfolio other than Heinz itself, StarKist, Ore-Ida, Plasmon, and Watties. Indeed, Heinz possesses in excess of 200 brands far and wide and makes more than 5,700 assortments. Contextual investigation QuestionsQuestion 1. Recognize 5 qualities that customers search for in present day quick moving shopper food products. Contrast the attributes you recognize and those distinguished by another person in your group. ,h Price is critical to understudy, some time brand and notoriety is more essential to understudy B than price,h Quality is significant for the two understudies, Student An; a modest item with great worth and for understudy B; a quality item at the cost paid. ,h Taste is significant for understudy, some time for understudy B a brisk and advantageous item is significant. ,h Student A the most amount at the least expensive cost and for Student B bundling is significant, that the item looks current and alluring. ,h What the item contains is significant for the two understudies yet in various manners, Student A needs the item to be beneficial for them and not to contain fake fixings however for Student B the wellspring of the item and where the crude materials originated from is demon

Should my profession get license Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Should my calling get permit - Essay Example Thus, this is a high obligation work. In this manner, should human services organization experts get permit? As per me, social insurance organization must be seen as an administrative employment proportional to an administrative situation in some other industry. Social insurance organization degree must be dealt with proportionate to a MBA degree. Indeed, social insurance industry is dynamic and furthermore delicate because of its tendency. In any case, social insurance heads won't have an effect as that of a clinical expert like a specialist or a medical caretaker. Thus, a permit must not be required to turn into a human services organization proficient. A human services proficient must have comprehension of the law. Social insurance head with great comprehension of the law won't just have the option to secure himself yet additionally their bosses and even the patients (Gassiot et al., 2010). They should be tried to guarantee that they are equipped of carrying out the responsibility and can deal with the duty, But a permit ought not be obligatory to turn into a human services

The concept of natural laws vs. human laws in the Decameron Essay - 1

The idea of common laws versus human laws in the Decameron - Essay Example The tales are worried about a ton of things however it is the everyman saint which proves to be the best instead of a Christian knight or an incredible lord. Subjects, for example, love, down to earth jokes, the lip service and defilement of the pastorate are completely secured and frequently the legend of a story originates from the commercial class which was coming up at that point (Barolini, 1983). Since the crowd itself was generally made out of people from this class, their idea of characteristic law being a higher priority than human laws is positively reflected in how the stories come to fruition. For instance, in the absolute first story a heathen is consecrated as a holy person which not just shows the false notion of human law made by ministers yet additionally the intensity of normal law as the man who fouled up in his life was not increased in value by anybody expect the absurd cleric who came to see him. In a similar arrangement of stories of the principal day (6th and ninth stories), we see instances of how debates can be better settled by words among people as opposed to falling back on the best possible utilization of the law which may have brought about the drawback of every concerned gathering. It must be noticed that Boccaccio doesn't try to destroy laws or even think of them as terrible since numerous laws are useful for securing the individuals. Be that as it may, laws which look bad to him or those which he considers obsolete customs are disparaged widely. As a substitution of those laws, Boccaccio gives us that characteristic laws are their equivalent as well as maybe an improvement since they bring about progressively impartial answers. The stories of the subsequent day straightforwardly interface with this since they all arrangement with an individual losing his fortune and afterward through the functions of characteristic law is reestablished to his fortune while prevailing upon the individuals who contradict him. Truth be told, to make it a stride further, it very well may be said that the connection between characteristic law and human law in the

Mmap Creation of New Mapping

Mmap Creation of New Mapping The objective of this investigation is too see how mmap makes another mapping on a procedure virtual memory address space. Figure 1 The result of the program is appeared (figure 1). The page size of this engineering is equivalent to 4096 bytes, which is the default page size for most present day working frameworks. The program tossed a division center dump mistake the first occasion when it was pursued however altering the C program it ran true to form. The code modified is demonstrated as follows, this code must be changed as the program wouldnt have the authorizations to compose memory which renders this program pointless Code previously: Cluster = mmap (Null, alloc_size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0) Code After: Cluster = mmap (Null, alloc_size, PROT_READ | PROT WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0) This section of code(Figure 2) keeps in touch with the main page of the designated territory at the situation of zero, if this was changed to an option that could be bigger than the size of page size (4096 bytes) at that point the program would restore a division deficiency. Instructional exercise 1 Exercise 2 The idea in this test has told the best way to make a mapped memory area at that point utilize the fork() procedure to make a kid procedure in which has a similar memory district as its parent. The fork() process makes another procedure by copying the calling procedure. (Manual, 2016) Above (Figure 3) is a portion of code from the program used to tell the best way to make a memory mapped zone between shared procedures. In this portion the kid procedure increases the mutual number (*addr) twice, which means when the whole numbers esteem is printed again in the parent procedure it will be equivalent to three (Figure 4). The program sits tight for the youngster procedure until it prints to the client the estimation of the parent and unmmaps. The pause() framework call suspends execution of the calling procedure until one of its kids ends, on progress restores the procedure ID of the ended youngster (Manual, pause(), 2016); Instructional exercise 1 - Exercise 3 The objective of this activity to comprehend memory the executives through a program that utilizes the gadget memory(/dev/mem). /dev/mem is character gadget record that is a picture of the fundamental memory of the PC. Contingent upon the clients authorization level, the program must be run as root in any case the program can't get to the fundamental memory (Figure 5). At the point when the program is run as root client (Figure 6) a rundown of memory delivers is printed to the client. These addresses in/dev/mem are deciphered as physical memory addresses. References to nonexistent areas can cause mistakes. (Manual, MEM(4), 2015) Instructional exercise 1 Exercise 4 The idea of the examination is diminishing memory impression through the dynamical access of executables and memory tending to. Linux joins the utilization of shared libraries inside its working frameworks, a great deal of Linux programs utilize a similar standard capacities, for example, screen backing or record access, for a software engineer to remember these capacities for each program it would cause program documents to be pointlessly huge. The benefit of having these libraries is that a library just should be stacked once for a few projects to utilize it; bringing about sparing RAM and hard plate space. (Kofler, 1998) Instructional exercise 2 Exercise 1 The idea of the trial is to see how mmap utilizes a document as a major aspect of the location space. The program utilized in this trial is a copying of how the Operating framework stretches out RAM to a document. The program being utilized in this analysis utilizes a document called test.txt as RAM, the record itself is proportional to one page size of the given design. The program at that point keeps in touch with the page with a roast at the exhibit position of zero to four(Figure 9). This is a case of how a memory mapped record is taken from circle and put into memory expressly for perusing/composing and will remain there until the client unmaps it. This test shows that when writing to smash youre keeping in touch with a document. Instructional exercise 2 - Exercise 2 The objective of this investigation is too comprehend that Mprotect can change authorizations of mapped regions. In the wake of utilizing the Mmap work inside the program (FIGURE 10(Gedit)) the authorizations set are perused just, implying that the program wouldnt have the option to keep in touch with the cluster. After memory has been mapped, the authorizations initially set can be adjusted with the Mprotect framework call. On the off chance that a program endeavors to play out a procedure on a memory area that isn't allowed, it is ended with a division fault(FIGURE 10(Top terminal)). (Mitchell, 2001) Instructional exercise 2 - Exercise 3 The objective of this analysis is to see how the working framework oversees assurances progressively. (FIGURE 11) is a portion of code taken from the examination, it shows a handler for the division issue. This code is set up to deal with the division shortcoming, the issue with the above code is the way this is a boundless circle, the division blunder is given when endeavors to play out a procedure on a memory area that isn't allowed, implying that the code will proceed at the point the sign happened, making an unbounded circle. The answer for this is to change the consents inside the Mprotect framework call permitting the capacity to compose just as read. Instructional exercise 2 Exercise 4 The objective of this trial is to see how the working framework oversees securities progressively. Rather than the past trial, this program changes the authorizations of the page that is being gotten to utilizing Mprotect. The handler is set up to guarantee that an interminable circle doesnt happen like in the past test. With the consents being set inside the handler itself, the handler will have the option to totally deal with the blunder bringing about no division mistake halting the program. Instructional exercise 3 Exercise 1 The objective of this exploration is to comprehend that each record in Linux has an individual Inode. Figure 14 The consequences of this analysis (Figure 14) show the Inodes for 3 separate records in 3 separate indexes, the Inode is an information structure in a Unix document framework to portray an item like a record or a catalog. The Inode is a pointer with a the Inode number being remarkable, in the event that a document is moved, at that point its Inode number will likewise change. At the point when an application needs a record, the application trades the document name for the Inode number from the index posting, after that the application utilizes the Inode for a reference to the record. Instructional exercise 3 - Exercise 2 The objective of this examination is to see some framework calls that control documents and indexes. (figure 15) Shows the documents and indexes of a few areas utilizing a program which bit is appeared (figure 16). This program restores a rundown of what is in the current working catalog, notice that the sort of the document is appeared on the left of (figure x). The framework call lstat returns data about a record, for this situation it is restoring the kind of the document. Instructional exercise 3 Exercise 3 The objective of this test is to see how a consistent mapping (record) is identified with its physical one. Figure 17 The program utilized in this examination decides the quantity of squares related with the given document and maps its intelligent and physical tending to, as can be found in (figure 17). This is accomplished utilizing the detail framework call which returns data about a record, for this activity the main data required from detail is the quantity of squares utilized by the document. Another framework call utilized in this program is ioctl, utilized on a document descriptor fd. The ioctl work permits the client to control the fundamental gadget parameters (manuals, 2016). Utilizing ioctl with FIBMAP permits the client to restore the physical square mapping to its sensible mapping. Instructional exercise 3 Exercise 4 The objective of this Instructional exercise 4 Exercise 1 The objective of this test is to comprehend the way toward trading messages among customer and server utilizing blocking correspondence. Two projects were utilized in this test, a server program (Figure 20 remaining) and a customer program (figure 20 right). Running on discrete terminals the projects speak with one another, if another customer program were to attempt to interface with the server program the messages wouldnt show up at the server, this happens in light of blocking. When blocking is being used, control isnt came back to the server program until at any rate one byte of information is perused from the customer program (Klement, 2002). Naturally, attachments are set to blocking, in the event that an attachment call is given that cant be finished quickly, at that point the procedure is taken care of, trusting that the condition will be valid. Instructional exercise 4 Exercise 2 The objective of this investigation is to comprehend the way toward trading messages among customer and server utilizing non-blocking correspondence. Figure 21 Rather than the past examination, the customer and server programs are currently utilizing non-blocking attachments. As a default when an attachment is made, its set to blocking. On the off chance that the info activity can't be happy with at any rate 1 byte of data* then an arrival is made quickly with a mistake (Figure 21 remaining) (Stevens, 2001). *(This applies to TCP, For a UDP attachment it would be a finished datagram). Instructional exercise 4 Exercise 3 The objective of this analysis is too understanding the essential procedure of trading messages among customer and sign driven server utilizing non-blocking correspondence. Instructional exercise 4 Exercise 4 The objective of this test is to increase a superior comprehension about the contrasts among blocking and unblocking programs

5 Ways to Help Siblings of Children With ADHD

5 Ways to Help Siblings of Children With ADHD News / Getty Images Parenting a child with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can require a great deal of patience and understanding on the part of the parent, but what about the siblings? Having a brother or sister with ADHD can also be quite a challenge. Children may experience all sorts of emotions living with a sibling with ADHD. They may feel exasperated, frustrated, and baffled by their sibling’s behaviors. Days at home may seem exhausting and unpredictable. There may be jealousy about all the attention their sibling receives. The ADHD behaviors can be provoking and aggravating. Battles, arguments, and fighting can quickly ensue as the non-ADHD sibling finds it more and more difficult to maintain self-control and resist reacting in negative ways him or herself. The non-ADHD sibling may resent that he is expected to behave and not engage in inappropriate behavior. He may feel that his sibling gets extra chances or more rewards. Some siblings may even take on too much responsibility, such as doing extra things for their sibling in attempts to help and avoid conflicts and then feeling angry and hurt when their sibling does not reciprocate or express appreciation. They may also try to take on the “good child” role, attempting to be perfect at everythingâ€"an exhausting and unrealistic role to take on! In some families these siblings may end up feeling invisible and unimportant, withdrawing from others and unable to ask for help. Below are several tips for helping your non-ADHD child cope with his or her sibling with ADHD. Helping Siblings Schedule regular one-on-one time with your non-ADHD child. Make sure this child is getting the positive attention and nurturing he (or she) needs.Let this child know that you understand it can be challenging to deal with his ADHD sibling when he (or she) is having a tough time managing the ADHD symptoms. Give your child a safe place to vent and be heard.Work with the non-ADHD child to give him techniques to appropriately deal with problematic behaviors from the ADHD sibling. Brainstorm, role play, and practice these coping strategies so the responses begin to feel more automatic and natural for your child.Be empathetic and understanding with your non-ADHD child when he has trouble dealing with the ADHD sibling. Understand that it may be difficult for your non-ADHD child to resist acting out himself when his ADHD sibling engages in provoking behaviors.Be sure to structure the home in ADHD-friendly ways (with clear house rules and consequences, specific routines, tight supervision, fre quent feedback, lots of praise, etc.). This helps all the children and is a proactive way of helping your ADHD child manage difficult symptoms.

Aristotelian Themes in A Dolls House - Literature Essay Samples

Considered the precursor of Western dramatic criticism, Aristotle’s notes on The Poetics arms modern readers with the language by which tragedy is evaluated and judged. In this essay I will examine how Aristotle’s classical vision of tragedy flourishes in modern plays such as Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll House. Particularly, I will argue that Ibsen’s form of realism employs Aristotle’s ideal of plot as â€Å"what is capable of happening according to the rule of probability or necessity† to achieve a social or political reaction where tension between Nora and her audience allow her to be portrayed as a tragic character (Aristotle pg. 127). The focus here is not on Nora and Torvalds life story of feminine exploitation, but rather on how the plays three-act plot structure adds to the fear and pity of dramatic tragedy. From the outset, Ibsen faces a conflict between illustrating a â€Å"realistic† story supported by historical, internal, externa l, and subconscious supporting details between characters and the need to boil down to only the details necessary for the plot to convey a strong social message. Without artistic selectivity, the play would need to elaborate on every detail contributing to Nora’s subservient disposition. Nora’s father, mother, Mr. Krogstad, Mrs. Linde, and every other character would have an equal right to representation, and Nora would become merely loose connective tissue. Aristotle considers this problem when he states that the beginning of a tragedy â€Å"need not necessarily follow on something else† so the plot isn’t distracted and lost within a mass of introductory detail. Rather, the play should find a starting point where â€Å"after it something else naturally is or happens† (Aristotle pg. 127). By the beginning of the play Nora has experienced a long history of subjugation to Torvald and her father, which Ibsen effectively conveys via a single event, the loan fiasco. Another Aristotelian element evident in A Doll’s House is peripety, or the â€Å"shift of what is being undertaken to the opposite of the way previously stated† (Aristotle, pg. 128). Ibsen depicts peripety via a series of causes and effects with predictable consequences. For example, Nora’s naivetà © in signing Krogstad’s loan in her father’s name and Krogstad’s insecure job position create a situation in which Nora’s secret may be revealed. The audience can see the inevitable consequence of Nora’s actions, feeling Aristotle’s â€Å"fear and pity† for her. Each act includes peripety: in the first, Nora and the audience come to understand that Nora’s idyllic relationship with Torvald is a farce; in the second, that Nora’s wishing away of the problem causes it to come about; in the third, that Torvald will not forgive her, ending the dream of the â€Å"most wonderful thing† th at necessarily must end their relationship. Ibsen brings about these revelations in only three acts using carefully programmed characters and aesthetic selectivity. Nora demonstrates many characteristics of Aristotle’s tragic character. While the foreseen disaster within Nora’s relationship with Torvald may be said to inspire audience fear, her inability to stop or prevent the collapse inspires audience pity. She is â€Å"neither a paragon of virtue and justice,† nor does she â€Å"undergo the change to misfortunate through any real badness or wickedness but because of some mistake† (Aristotle pg. 129). Nora truly believes she has committed no crime, rhetorically asking Mrs. Linde whether â€Å"it [is] indiscreet to save your husband’s life† in order to â€Å"keep up a beautiful charming home† the way he likes it (Ibsen Act 1 lines 411-412, 496-497). One could say Nora’s tragic flaw, or hamartia, is her loyalty; she’s willing to sacrifice her individuality, indulgences and hope for financial freedom in order to save her husband’s life and maintain her relationships with the men of her life. The audience feels pity for Nora because it can see that by acting independently to be loyal, Nora violates Torvald’s belief that loyalty requires complete dependency else it become betrayal. Though Nora cries she has loved Torvald â€Å"more than all this world† he repudiates her by calling her a hypocrite, liar and criminal (Ibsen Act 3 lines 432, 444-445). The central peripety of the play occurs when Nora realizes that Torvald is no longer worthy of her loyalty, she turns her loyalty inward and risks her safety in order to find out who she really is. However, one may argue that Nora exhibits realist complexities when she takes personal pride in the power she believes she has exercised in â€Å"saving† Torvald. In her candid discussion with Mrs. Linde, she disdainfully exclaim s that there’s â€Å"no art† to winning the lottery, revealing that she thinks herself to be a â€Å"wife with a little business sense†¦ who knows how to manage† the loan with Krogstad (Ibsen Act 1 lines 394, 400-401). If she were singularly loyal (like many tragedian heroes are singularly courageous, quick witted, etc.) she would take great shame in her betrayal of Torvald’s wishes. Instead, she appears to revel in her own business savvy. I would argue that this case only magnifies Nora’s dependency since the audience is painfully aware of her naivetà © in negotiating the loan; her attempts at individuality are marred by a loyalty to Torvald that never allowed her to become educated in the ways of the world nor to properly recognize the mistake she has made. The tension between Nora who believes herself to have acted justly and the audience who can objectively view her mistake further enhances the fear and pity at the heart of Aristotleâ €™s vision of tragedy.Ultimately, Ibsen achieves a marriage between portraying issues and settings pertinent to everyday life while at the same time selectively and artistically dramatizing the play’s plot into an Aristotelian tragedy. To call the play a realist production would do injustice to the plot’s internal logic and archetypal method of achieving a social message. However, to call it a tragedy would unfairly cheapen the importance of very real and historically timely sexism pervading the average 19th century middle class Norwegian home. Instead, A Doll House is to be seen as a melding of the two ideals by seizing Aristotle’s tragedian model form with adjustments to suit realist content.Bibliography:Aristotle. The Poetics. The Wadsworth Anthology of Drama. Ed. W. B. Worthen. 5th ed. Boston, MA: Thomas Wadsworth, 2007. 123-31.Ibsen, Henrik. A Doll House. The Wadsworth Anthology of Drama. Ed. W. B. Worthen. 5th ed. Boston, MA: Thomas Wadsworth, 2007. 548-71.

Battle of Tarawa in World War II

The Battle of Tarawa was fought November 20-23, 1943, during World War II (1939-1945) and saw American forces launch their first offensive into the central Pacific. Despite massing the largest invasion fleet to date, the Americans suffered heavy casualties during and after landing on November 20. Fighting with fanatic resistance, nearly the entire Japanese garrison was killed in the battle. Though Tarawa fell, the losses incurred led the Allied high command to reassess how it planned and conducted amphibious invasions. This led to significant changes that would be employed for the remainder of the conflict. Background Following the victory at Guadalcanal in early 1943, Allied forces in the Pacific began planning for new offensives. While General Douglas MacArthurs troops advanced across northern New Guinea, plans for an island hopping campaign across the central Pacific were developed by Admiral Chester Nimitz. This campaign intended to advance towards Japan by moving from island to island, using each as a base for capturing the next. Beginning in the Gilbert Islands, Nimitz sought to next move through the Marshalls to the Marianas. Once these were secure, the bombing of Japan could commence prior to a full-scale invasion (Map). Preparations for the Campaign The starting point for the campaign was the small island of Betio on the west side of Tarawa Atoll with a supporting operation against Makin Atoll. Located in the Gilbert Islands, Tarawa blocked the Allied approach to the Marshalls and would impede communications and supply with Hawaii if left to the Japanese. Aware of the islands importance, the Japanese garrison, commanded by Rear Admiral Keiji Shibasaki, went to great lengths to turn it into the fortress. Leading around 3,000 soldiers, his force included Commander Takeo Sugais elite 7th Sasebo Special Naval Landing Force. Working diligently, the Japanese built an extensive network of trenches and bunkers. When complete, their works included over 500 pillboxes and strong points. In addition, fourteen coastal defense guns, four of which had been purchased from the British during the Russo-Japanese War, were mounted around the island along with forty artillery pieces. Supporting the fixed defenses were 14 Type 95 light tanks. The American Plan To crack these defenses, Nimitz dispatched Admiral Raymond Spruance with the largest American fleet yet assembled. Consisting of 17 carriers of various types, 12 battleships, 8 heavy cruisers, 4 light cruisers, and 66 destroyers, Spruances force also carried the 2nd Marine Division and part of the US Armys 27th Infantry Division. Totaling around 35,000 men, the ground forces were led by Marine Major General Julian C. Smith. Shaped like a flattened triangle, Betio possessed an airfield running east to west and bordered Tarawa lagoon to the north. Though the lagoon water was shallower, it was felt the beaches on the north shore offered a better landing location than those on the south where the water was deeper. On the north shore, the island was bordered by a reef that extended around 1,200 yard offshore. Though there were some initial concerns as to whether landing craft could clear the reef, they were dismissed as planners believed the tide would be high enough to allow them to cross. Forces Commanders Allies Major General Julian C. SmithVice Admiral Raymond Spruanceapprox. 35,000 men Japanese Rear Admiral Keiji Shibasakiapprox. 3,000 soldiers, 1,000 Japanese laborers, 1,200 Korean laborers Going Ashore By dawn on November 20, Spruances force was in place off Tarawa. Opening fire, the Allied warships began pounding the islands defenses. This was followed at 6:00 AM by strikes from carrier aircraft. Due to delays with the landing craft, the Marines did not move forward until 9:00 AM. With the end of the bombardments, the Japanese emerged from their deep shelters and manned the defenses. Approaching the landing beaches, designated Red 1, 2, and 3, the first three waves crossed the reef in Amtrac amphibious tractors. These were followed by additional Marines in Higgins boats (LCVPs). As the landing craft approached, many grounded on the reef as the tide was not high enough to allow passage. Quickly coming under attack from Japanese artillery and mortars, the Marines aboard the landing craft were forced to enter the water and work their way towards shore while enduring heavy machine gun fire. As a result, only a small number from the first assault made it ashore where they were pinned down behind a log wall. Reinforced through the morning and aided by the arrival of a few tanks, the Marines were able to push forward and take the first line of Japanese defenses around noon. A Bloody Fight Through the afternoon little ground was gained despite heavy fighting all along the line. The arrival of additional tanks bolstered the Marine cause and by nightfall the line was approximately half-way across the island and nearing the airfield (Map). The next day, the Marines on Red 1 (the westernmost beach) were ordered to swing west to capture Green Beach on Betios west coast. This was accomplished with the aid of naval gunfire support. The Marines on Red 2 and 3 were tasked with pushing across the airfield. After heavy fighting, this was accomplished shortly after noon. About this time, sightings reported that Japanese troops were moving east across a sandbar to the islet of Bairiki. To block their escape, elements of the 6th Marine Regiment were landed in the area around 5:00 PM. By the end of the day, American forces had advanced and consolidated their positions. In the course of the fighting, Shibasaki was killed causing issues among the Japanese command. On the morning of November 22, reinforcements were landed and that afternoon the 1st Battalion/6th Marines began an offensive across the southern shore of the island. Final Resistance Driving the enemy before them, they succeeded in linking up with the forces from Red 3 and forming a continuous line along the eastern part of the airfield. Pinned into the eastern end of the island, the remaining Japanese forces attempted a counterattack around 7:30 PM but were turned back. At 4:00 AM on November 23, a force of 300 Japanese mounted a banzai charge against the Marine lines. This was defeated with the aid of artillery and naval gunfire. Three hours later, artillery and air strikes commenced against the remaining Japanese positions. Driving forward, the Marines succeeded in overrunning the Japanese and reached the eastern tip of the island by 1:00 PM. While isolated pockets of resistance remained, they were dealt with by American armor, engineers, and air strikes. Over the next five days, the Marines moved up the islets of Tarawa Atoll clearing the last bits of Japanese resistance. Aftermath In the fighting on Tarawa, only one Japanese officer, 16 enlisted men, and 129 Korean laborers survived out of the original force of 4,690. American losses were a costly 978 killed and 2,188 wounded. The high casualty count quickly caused outrage among Americans and the operation was extensively reviewed by Nimitz and his staff. As a result of these inquiries, efforts were made to improve communications systems, pre-invasion bombardments, and coordination with air support. Also, as a significant number of the casualties had been sustained due to the landing craft beaching, future assaults in the Pacific were made almost exclusively using Amtracs. Many of these lessons were quickly employed in the Battle of Kwajalein two months later.

The Cocktail Waitress, James Spradley And Brenda Mann Essay

Historically, anthropologists have focused their research on foreign cultures, often considered exotic to westerners. Yet, globalization has created a continuously shrinking world and is increasingly providing sovereignty for developing nations, which may impede research opportunities for modern anthropologists. In their book, â€Å"The Cocktail Waitress,† James Spradley and Brenda Mann explained how this semi-recent issue threatens trust and acceptance in these foreign communities and obstructs unique opportunities and research funding. Luckily, there are countless subcultures in America’s back yard, in which most are eternally evolving, providing a multitude of research opportunities for anthropologists. Alcohol establishments are home to a plethora of subcultures that display clashing and harmonious interactions enjoyable for even the untrained human observers. Noticeably, bars contain the local regulars, occasional boozers, business men, college students, and multip le others, all there for a common goal, leisure. Whether the responsible sober driver, moderate drinker, or completely inebriated, every patron has exchanged workday courtesies for uninhibited behaviors. Additionally, lounges often exhibit social interactions between men and women which provide ethnographers opportunity to study the cultural roles considered masculine or feminine within our society and subcultures. Formerly, women employed in alcohol establishments were prohibited from managerial, bar keeping, or

Marketing Objectives Of Mcdonald s Corporation - 4018 Words

Executive Summary Since the day that McDonald’s Corporation was founded, the company has devoted to provide the high quality food and best service to customers. However, the truth is there is no delivery services in the UK’s McDonald’s system. In order to satisfy customer’s needs and wants, and for those customers who are not convenient to go outside, McDonald’s is planning to develop the food delivery system in the UK. On one hand, this move might increase the number of consumers, so that more profit could be made. On the other hand, more employees are required for the company, then more job opportunities are created, it has positive influence to the society. This report is going to expand current situational analysis, evaluating†¦show more content†¦It can be seen that delivery service is mature in the UK market. Due to the mature road network in the UK, there is no border to delivery hot and fresh cuisine to the customers. McDonald’s is a well-known catering company in the world. In the UK market, there is no delivery service. Therefore, a number of customers who looks for fast food cannot enjoy McDonald’s food. Due to the market demand, home and office delivery service should be developed in the McDonald’s. Overview of the sector According to the western agricultural economics association research(Agricultural and Resource Economics, 2001), the demand of a fast food service is increasing in a fast level because of its convenience. Delivery service of every thing is very common, such as Argos and ASDA. They deliver their goods to its customer with a strong driving team. It can been seen that UK residents enjoy the benefit of delivery service which brings them convenience. In the UK, it is not difficult to find a delivery food shop because of its common level. Some companies promo an application of smart phone to let different customers to order their food. The significant example is hungry house. There are over 10,000 restaurants on their perform to let a huge number of ‘hungry’ customer to order their need. Overview of sector, McDonald’s delivery service should be

Criminal Justice System Paper - 803 Words

Criminal Justice System Paper CJA/204 Vonnie Cooper March 28, 2011 Ken Salmon The word â€Å"crime† means an illegal action that is prohibited by law or a breakage of certain laws set forth by the criminal justice system. When someone breaks the law he/she will have consequences that will fall upon them and will be handled accordingly, whether it is jail time or probation. The criminal justice system in America is separated by each state, with each state†¦show more content†¦Many cases are heard only in front of a judge, and other cases are tried, and have a jury of 12 peers over the age of 18 who will determine the a defendant guilty or innocent of a crime based on evidence brought forth during a trial. A jury may recommend what a sentence should be (meaning if they think the crime doesn’t fit the punishment). A judge can and will always make a final decision or a sentence except if there are pre-determined guideline sentences that must be followed. Corrections is the third component. Corrections makes up the final major component in the criminal justice system. The Corrections pulls in the rear of the justice system by carrying out and upholding sentences given by the judges . The corrections system goes hand and hand the two other components, it is very important and make up a large part of the justice system. The corrections includes thousands of jails, parole officers, probation officers, correctional officers and prisons spread out across the United States. The men/women that make up the staffing in these positions make certain that a defendants sentence and all of its terms and arrangements are served out peacefully as possible. Laws are meant to create order. Order is a necessary means of structure so that menShow MoreRelatedCriminal Justice Systems Paper1153 Words   |  5 PagesCriminal Justice System Paper The criminal justice system and the criminal justice process has shaped the laws of this country into what they are today from the concerns of politicians and government leaders as far back as the 1800s with crime control. Basically, the criminal justice system was designed to ensure the safety of individuals whom are citizens of this country. Essentially, the criminal justice system is â€Å"the structural basis used to maintain social control† (Education DecisionsRead MoreThe Crime Of The Criminal Justice System1266 Words   |  6 Pages The criminal justice system in England and Wales is made up of multiple agencies which all have different responsibilities, however they share the main objective of maintaining and enforcing the rule of law. The International Bar Association (2005) describes the Rule of Law as ‘the foundation of a civilized society’ with a society’s formal response to crime being the responsibility of the criminal justice system ‘more specifically in terms of a series of decisions and actions being taken by a numberRead MoreHowe - Week 2.docx992 Words   |  4 PagesExecutive Summary This team paper will in which analyze organizational behavior concepts associated with common managerial practices involved in day-to-day operations within criminal justice settings. This team paper will be sure to identify professional standards and values that apply across various components of the criminal justice system on a national level. In addition this paper will mention some of the new technology that benefits and helps the criminal justice settings. Analyze OrganizationalRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography On Crime And Justice1538 Words   |  7 PagesAnnotated Bibliography on Crime and Justice Crime may simply be referred to as an offense against the state or against morality and is punishable by law, while justice is the fairness practiced during judgment of cases usually in instances where crime has taken place. Crime and justice go hand in hand as commonly evident in a case whereby a criminal is apprehended and taken to a court of law, then a ruling of justice practiced on the case and fairness used in passing of judgments. In most governmentsRead MoreWhy Do We Need a Criminal Justice System?1140 Words   |  5 Pageswhy a criminal justice system is needed or indeed what it contributes to the functioning of a society. In the discussion that will follow, it will be argued that there are essentially four reasons why we do need to have a criminal justice system. First, it upholds the freedoms of individuals and maintenance of public order. Second, a criminal justice system instils fear in people and thus deterring illegal activities. Third, a good justice system provides rehabilitation and reform to criminals. FourthRead MoreCriminal Justice Majors1105 Words   |  5 PagesContrary to popular belief the life of a criminal justice major is not all about being a hardboiled cop or a living a black and white noir film, there is actually quite a bit of disciplinary literacy in the background. People looking forward to a career in criminal justice should be able to write up investigation reports, reports to be used in trials, and documents relating to various types of criminal offenders. For a bachelor’s degree in Criminal Justice 120 credits including some general electiveRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency : Should Severity Of Punishment For Young Offenders Be The Same As Adults?1200 Words   |  5 Pageshighly-comprehensive policies and economic system. Along with the inclusive developments, â€Å"the law affects nearly every aspect of our lives every day† (â€Å"Canada’s System of Justice†, 2015, p. 1), including laws for crimes, rules of conduct, and solutions of conflicts. As one of the developed countries among the world, Canada’s national government has developed a complete justice system with a series of laws, sentences, punishments, and programs. This system is aiming to avoid the occurrence of crimesRead MoreThe Role Of Statistics And Criminal Justice1378 Words   |  6 PagesThe Role of Statistics in Criminal Justice Nerisa Newton Grambling University Abstract In this paper, the main objective will be to outline the importance of statistics as a method to analyze data in the field of Criminal Justice. Also, this paper will focus on ways in which data is obtained keeping in mind the appropriate statistics to use with the collected data, and how to interpret the findings. In addition, it will review the causes of crimes, the rate at which these crimes occurRead MoreCriminal Justice and Leading U.S. Supreme Court Cases, Annotated Bibliography1035 Words   |  5 PagesAnnotated Bibliography Champion, D.J. (2009). Leading U.S. supreme court cases in criminal justice: Briefs and key terms. Upper Saddle river, NJ: Prentice Hall. Leading U.S. supreme court cases in criminal justice: Briefs and key terms is a source reference with respect to criminal law, constitutional law, and criminal procedure. The major focus of this book includes explained mandates of over 1000 U.S. Supreme Court cases and this book details key terms and definitions. Grant, H.B. and Terry,Read MoreInvestigation Of Criminal Justice And Corrections1539 Words   |  7 Pages Criminal Justice and Corrections Staci Pribbenow Kaplan University Introduction Criminal justice has been a passion of mine for many years. It wasn’t until recently that I decided to go back to school to obtain my master’s degree in criminal justice. I have chosen to focus on the field of corrections in the criminal justice system. I want to make a difference and help those individuals that need help once being released from a prison setting. There are so many different

Antimicrobial Assay Worksheet Free Essays

University of Phoenix Material Antimicrobial Assay Worksheet Review the image and refer to Ch. 26 of Brock Biology of Microorganisms to answer the following questions. [pic] Adapted from The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, by Islands in the Sea, 2002. We will write a custom essay sample on Antimicrobial Assay Worksheet or any similar topic only for you Order Now Answer the following in 100 to 200 words each: 1. What does this picture represent? To what is the area around the disks proportional? This picture represents an antimicrobial agent susceptibility assay by using the disc diffusion technique. The test measures the antimicrobial activity, by determining the smallest amount of agent necessary to inhibit the growth of a specific test organism, this value is the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The MIC expresses the lowest concentration of agent that completely inhibits the growth of the test organism (Madigan, Martinko, Stahl,   Clark, 2012). The areas around the disks are the zone of inhibition, which are â€Å"proportional to the amount of antimicrobial agent added to the disc, the solubility of the agent, the diffusion coefficient, and the overall effectiveness of the agent† (Madigan, Martinko, Stahl,   Clark, 2012, p. 763). 2. Which letter disk has the least potent antibiotic? Why? Which has the most? How do you know? Letter F disc has the least potent antibiotic because the zone of inhibition is not present with indicates that the antimicrobial agent is not an affective inhibitor of the test organism. Letter D disc has the greatest potent antibiotic because the agent is quite an affective inhibitor of the test organism. This agent creates a proportionally large zone of inhibition, which is greater than other test agents are. 3. Refer to Figure 26. 10 of Brock Biology of Microorganisms. What has happened in the minimum inhibitory concentration tube? Approximately, what is the bacterial concentration in that tube? In the minimum inhibitory concentration tube, the agent inhibits the growth of the test organism. This level of inhibition varies with certain factors to include the incubation conditions, culture medium, test organism, incubation time, and composition of the culture (Madigan, Martinko, Stahl,   Clark, 2012). The bacterial concentration is approximately the same in the tube that contains the minimum inhibitory concentration level of antimicrobial agent because the agent inhibits the growth of the test organism. Reference Madigan, M. T. , Martinko, J. M. , Stahl, D. A. , Clark, D. P. (2012). Brock biology of microorganisms (13th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. How to cite Antimicrobial Assay Worksheet, Essay examples

Cuba Nationalism free essay sample

This lab was created by Mr. Buckley from Edward Knox High School. Credit is given for this original activity to Mr. Buckley. |Problem: What lessons can we learn from the Kaibab deer? |[pic] | |Objectives: | | |1. o graph data on the Arizona Kaibab deer population from 1905~1939 | | |2. to analyze the possible reasons for the changes in the deer population | | |3. discuss some changes which would have better suited the Kaibab deer | | |population | | Introduction: The environment may be changed by biotic factors as well as by relationships between organisms and the physical (abiotic) environment. The carrying capacity of an ecosystem is the maximum number of organisms that an area can support on a sustained or continuing basis. The population density (number of individuals per unit area) may produce such profound changes in the environment that the environment becomes unsuitable for the continued survival of that species. Humans can also interfere with natural interactions of species with their environments with either positive, negative, or neutral effects. We will write a custom essay sample on Cuba Nationalism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This activity will show how these some of these human interactions influenced a population of deer in Arizona. In 1905, the deer population on the Kaibab Plateau in Arizona was estimated to be about 4,000 on 300,000 hectares of range. The average carrying capacity of the range was estimated to be about 30,000 deer. On November 28, 1906, President Theodore Roosevelt created the Grand Canyon National Game Preserve to protect what he called the finest deer herd in America. Unfortunately, but this time, the Kaibab forest area was severely overgrazed by sheep, cattle, and horses. Most of the tall, perennial grasses had been eliminated in the area. The first step in protecting the deer was to ban all hunting in the area. Then, in 1907, the Forest Service tried to exterminate the natural predators of the deer, killing approximately 800 mountain lions, 20 wolves, 7400 coyotes, and 500 bobcats between 1907 and 1939. Signs that the deer population was out of control began to appear as early as 1920. The most important sign was severe and rapid deterioration of range grass and abundance and quality. The forest service then reduced the number of livestock grazing permits to allow more grass for the deer. By 1923, however, the deer were reported to be near starvation and the range conditions were described as deplorable. A Kaibab Deer Investigation Committee recommended that all livestock not owned by local residents be immediately removed from the range and that the number of deer in the herd be reduced by 50 percent (culling) as quickly as possible. Deer hunting was reopened and during the fall of 1924, about 675 deer were killed. These deer represented only 10 percent of the number that had been born that spring! Today, the Arizona Game Commission carefully manages the Kaibab area with regulations geared to specific local needs. Hunting permits are issued and predators are protected to keep the deer in balance with their range so that the herd size does not exceed the carrying capacity. Materials:   graph paper, pencil Procedure: †¢ Construct a graph of dear population size (y-axis) vs. year (x-axis) using the data chart (below) †¢ Draw a horizontal line representing the carrying capacity †¢ Answer the conclusion questions Data/Results: Deer Population of the Kaibab | |Year |# Deer |Year |# Deer | |1905 |4,000 |1927 |37,000 | |1910 |9,000 |1928 |35,000 | |1915 |25,000 |1929 |30,000 | |1920 |65,000 |1930 |25,000 | |1924 |100,000 |1931 |20,000 | |1925 |60,000 |1935 |18,000 | |1926 |40,000 |1939 |10,000 | Conclusion Questions 1. During 1906 and 1907, which 2 methods did the Forest Service use to protect the Kaibab Deer? 2. Were these methods successful? Explain using data from the graph 3. How many total predators were eliminated from the preserve between 1907 and 1939? 4. What was the relationship of the deer herd population size and the carrying capacity of  the range in †¢ 1915 †¢ 1920 †¢ 1924 (Explain your answer using NUMBERS from the data chart or graph. ) 5. Did the Forest Service program appear to be successful between 1905 and 1924. Explain  using data from the graph 6. Why do you suppose the population of deer declined in 1925 although the elimination of  many predators occurred? 7. Do you think any changes occurred in the carrying capacity of the range between 1900 and 1940. Describe what you think occurred. 8. Why do you think the deer population size was 4000 in 1900 when the carrying capacity was actually 30,000 deer? 9. If the Forest Service had not interfered with the deer population, what do you think would have happened to the deer population? 10. Based on these lessons, suggest what YOU would have done in the following years  to manage to deer herds: †¢ 1915 1923 11. It is a criticism of many population ecologists that the pattern of population increase and subsequent crash of the Kaibab deer population would have occurred even if a bounty had not been placed on the predators. List and explain a logical reason for this statement. 12. What future management plans would you suggest for the Kaibab deer herd? 13. Assuming (erroneously ) that no other factors interact, identify the dependent and  independent variables in the interaction between the Kaibab deer and their prey and defend your identification.

Lean Manufacturing Essay Sample free essay sample

LEAN fabrication is a planetary electronics fabrication services ( EMS ) supplier located in Flextronics de Mexico ( FdM ) . The company is focused on efficiency and optimisation of fabrication flow. The EMS is a tough concern that is driven by thin net income borders. EMS makers rely on leveraging immense economic systems of graduated table and buying power. These companies focus on return on invested capital ( ROIC ) as a cardinal metric because it provides a sense of how good a company is using its resources to bring forth returns. FdM’s success relies on how good it can optimise its floor infinite use while increasing capacity. In our instance analysis we will analyze each of the four different organisations of machinery presuming that the optimum degree of production was achieved by presenting the U-shaped cell. Case Analysis: The initial design that was implemented ( long conveyor-paced consecutive line ) required holding 24 operators assigned per line with a Takt clip of 15 seconds. We will write a custom essay sample on Lean Manufacturing Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The existent end product of acceptable units was 135-138 pieces per hr numbering 1080-1104 per eight-hour displacement. This is below design capacity with merely 56. 25-57. 5 % use. Reasons for inefficiency include: * Periodic care of the conveyer belt. defected merchandises and interruptions for operators * Conveyor-pace lines have an even rate of motion. hence. if some workstations are faster or slower in finishing their undertaking in the allowed 15 seconds Takt clip. a slowdown of the whole assembly procedure of the merchandise is created. The 2nd design ( long manually paced line ) required 22 workers with 15 seconds Takt clip. While the efficiency increased the end product rate remained changeless at 1104 units per displacement. Improvement was in labour cost decrease merely. Reasons for inefficiency include: * Takt clip was kept at 15 seconds despite the caused emphasis and fluctuation for workers. This finally led to more mistakes. increased waste. therefore. driving the production rates to stay the same. The 3rd design ( two short lines ) required 20 workers with 30 seconds Takt clip. Outputs increased by 176 units compared to the old option. Improvements are increased outputs. increased Takt clip and decreased labour cost. Reasons for betterment include: * Increasing the Takt clip to 30 seconds to turn to the issue of emphasis. * Cuting the line in half cut down the chance of a slowdown in the assembly line since it required merely 10 operators per line compared to 22. The concluding design ( 2 U-shaped cell ) required 18 workers with 30 seconds Takt clip utilizing merely half the infinite for other options. Improvements. increased output production to run into the entire demand of 1920 units. reduced labour cost and floor infinite. Reasons for betterment include: * U-shaped work cells are close and easier to pull off therefore necessitating fewer operators * U-shaped work cells provide better work distribution between operators * Operators could pass on better in this optimum layout. therefore. cut downing the quality defects of the merchandises every bit good as the incurred slowdown clip * U-shaped cell required less floor infinite. thereby increasing the design capacity and the existent end product Decision:FdM’s mark was to carry through its client demands within the allowed clip per twenty-four hours. By set uping the U form design they were able to increase operator productiveness and bring forth more units per labour while extinguishing the slowdown clip along production line.

Bernie Madofff Tragic Hero free essay sample

A tragic hero is a character of noble stature that commits an action or makes a mistake which eventually leads to his or her downfall. The idea of the tragic hero was created in ancient Greek tragedy and defined by Aristotle. Bernard Madoff, a former American businessman, stockbroker, investment advisor, and financier, fits the definition of a modern day tragic hero. Bernard Madoff grew up in New York City and studied law at Brooklyn Law School, but quit the first year to embark on his own investment firm. Using money he had saved from previous life guarding jobs, Madoff and his wife founded Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities, LLC. The company grew a reputation for its annual returns of 10 percent or more and, by the 1980s, his firm was one of the largest firms trading on the New York Stock Exchange. Madoff created an impressive client list including stars such as Steven Spielberg, Kevin Bacon and Kyra Sedgewick. We will write a custom essay sample on Bernie Madofff Tragic Hero or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Madoff owned a yacht, several luxurious homes, and even had two private planes. He was completely living the wealthy and lavish lifestyle, which was soon to come to an abrupt end. In December of 2008, Madoff admitted that a branch of his firm was actually an elaborate Ponzi scheme. Madoffs sons reported their father to federal authorities and he was arrested and charged with securities fraud. He later admitted to losing $50 billion of investors money, and pled guilty to 11 felony counts including securities fraud, investment adviser fraud, mail fraud, wire fraud, three counts of money laundering, false statements, perjury, false filings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, and theft from an employee benefit plan. Madoff was sentenced to 150 years in prison on June 29, 2009, the maximum possible prison sentence. Bernard Madoff destroyed the lives of many in his relentless drive to get rich. Two years to the day that Bernard Madoff was arrested, one of his sons, Mark Madoff, committed suicide. Bernard Madoff can be compared to King Creon, from the play Antigone by Sophocles. Both Madoff and King Creon were well renowned and prosperous figures that were overwhelmed with pride that led to their destruction. Madoff blamed his pride, which would not allow him to admit his failures as a money manager, which ultimately led to the death of his son. By King Creons self pride deciding to never let his son Haimon marry Antigone, he ended up killing his son as well. After the death of their sons, Bernard Madoff and King Creon both acknowledged their great mistakes in being prideful and realized how their pride had caused suffering. King Creon fought to further protect his kingdom, while Madoff fought to protect his career, by doing so; they are both regarded as a hero. These elements combined with self pride make Bernard Madoff and King Creon examples of a true ancient Greek tragic hero.

Mental Illness among Homeless in London Borough of Tower Hamlet The WritePass Journal

Mental Illness among Homeless in London Borough of Tower Hamlet Abstract: Mental Illness among Homeless in London Borough of Tower Hamlet ). It is the perception of lack prospects and potential that is credited with keeping many individuals in the indigent state. Among the homeless male versus the general public, there is a higher association with illnesses including schizophrenia by a 50% v 34%, personality disorders 37% v. 11%, substance dependence issues 74%5 v. 19% further increasing the need to study and identify the specific factors surrounding this ratio (Dunne et al, 2012). These statistics indicate the much of the mental disorders are amplified in conjunction with the homeless population which raises another area of concern; where the individuals afflicted as result of becoming homeless or did they become homeless as a result of becoming ill? This critical consideration will add to the assessment of determinants and the manner in which they work to keep the indigent population on the rise (Wright, 2014). In accord, the essay aims to discuss how the borough of Tower Hamlets has been identified as having the hig hest mental health needs in the UK, with over 45% of the population of the borough claiming incapacity benefit due to their ill mental health. This very high rate indicates the presence of a set of conditions that are expected to be identifiable, adding to the appeal of this study. As the literature confirms that mental illness is a significant urban health issue accompanied by crucial repercussions such as homelessness, the essay will aim to highlight the ways in which this issue relates to the London borough of Tower Hamlets. As the results are directly relevant to those in the Tower Hamlets, many other indigent populations exhibit similar conditions, which this study will assist to illuminate. 3 Urban Context and Determinants The literature surrounding homelessness and mental health indicates that factors in the urban context play a major role in the development of this urban health issue (Fitzpatrick et al, 2012). This is an indication that this area of research is not only necessary but vital to the effort to sustain and improve the state of the homeless population. Determinants such as poverty, exclusion, attainment and wellbeing all hold significant implications for homelessness (Frankish, Hwang Quantz, 2005). Elements that are cited to aid in the determination homeless population causation include the lack of general or low strata employment opportunities (Fitzpatricket al, 2013). This perception of no means to find work is compounded by ill health and the absence of health care. As those in the poorer classes fall sick, there is a trend to allow this sickness to become overriding, thereby adding to the detrimental factors surrounding a persons living situation (Dawson et al, 2013). Outside social f actors can have distinct impact on the determinants surrounding the homeless populations. With natural disasters and war placing many of these individuals in the homeless situations due to associated factors, there is a need to quantify each new social influence in order to minimize the harmful impact. Feeding directly into the homeless epidemic and the mentally unstable is the common lack of disability services that will have the resources to aid them (Wright, 2014). This scenario of inadequate infrastructure only adds support to the contention that each new determinant in the homeless cycle increases the likelihood that the person will not be able to escape the condition. With evidence supporting the position that it becomes harder to function in day to day society the longer a person remains indigent, there is a clear and present time factor that must be added to the determinants of the homeless (Wright, 2014). Additional factors such as difficulties in maintaining secure and good quality accommodation due to mental illness will also be discussed in the essay as contributors to homelessness (Breaky, 1992). Determinants to the homeless condition have been attributed to the high rate of substance abuse and addiction among the indigent population (Wright, 2014). This is an indicati on that there is truth to the argument that many people choose their addictions over a place to live comfortably. Further, this very aspect is magnified by the lack of affordable, quality housing in many areas (Buckman et al, 2013). With no avenue to find a roof, the drive to work towards making their life better has a trend of stalling as these determinant continue to hold the person back. This essay endeavours to shed light on recent changes to government policy, such as reforms in welfare support and social housing, the recession, and government cuts to public services in the UK had impacted those who were most vulnerable to homelessness. Each shift in public policy and perception has the potential to add or detract from the living situation of the indigent population (Wright, 2014). Yet, in many cases, available opportunities are overlooked due to the fact that the persons in question have no means to become acquainted with the policies. Individuals with mental health problems have faced considerable difficulties due to these changes such as understanding when they need to claim the benefits, how the new benefits work, and uncertainty about how the changes will affect their circumstances (Wright, 2014). Many times, the very complex nature of the policy or regulation diminishes the effectiveness of the intent by reducing access. As a further example of this issue rai sing modern concern, in some cases, individuals may also face difficulty getting access to, and using a computer to claim their benefits online (Dawson et al, 2013). These common issues that highlight the high risk of the mentally ill facing homelessness due to financial hardship and provide a possible explanation as to why there is such a high degree of mental illness among the homeless. Due to the fact that registration to a GP generally requires proof of a home address, homeless people are more likely to access healthcare through emergency services (Crisis MORI, 2002). This creates many issues including access, payment, sustained care and exacerbated social expense. Further, this poses problems on both the individual and the general population as the individual may not receive the health advice and respect that they deserve for reasons such as the emergency department only being intended for emergency health conditions, and due to social stigma around homelessness; such as the homeless may be associated with mental ill health, substance abuse and lack of hygiene (Riley, Harding, Underwood Carter, 2003). It is a common trend among the homeless to face a lack of insurance and the unwillingness to visit the doctor aside from the direst of circumstance. These factors have been cited as contributors of poor physical and psychological wellbeing which the homeless indiv idual faces when trying to access public health care, which only serve to compound the homeless condition (Wright, 2014). In many cases social pressure to avoid using the medical services, serves to drive the homeless even further from finding quality care, only serve to further add to the issue. A final determinant to be discussed in this essay is the cost of this urban health issue faced by the National health services, which in turn is passed on to the larger national population (Dunne et al, 2012). In many cases the variance of social support has changed alongside the political views of the ruling establishment. This condition causes many fits and starts to any existing system, which in turn serve to slow down both effective outreach and long-term strategy. Cost has the potential to become an overbearing feature of any policy creation effort (Dunne et al, 2012). In some cases the zeal to reduce the public budget for these issues is weighed against the need to devote time and resources to this part of the population (Fitzpatrick et al, 2013). With a common lack of representation among the law makers, the lower classes have often suffered the lack of finance and social support that is required to implement any effective strategy. Modern evidence shows that mental illness for the NHS is costly as it is the largest cause of disability in the UK. Social and informal care for the mentally ill is costing  £22.5 billion, where 13.8% of the national budget is spent on mental health (National Mental Health, 2012). This is a defining motivation for lawmakers on any side of the aisle to find a method of addressing the issue. Statistics also show that  £77 billion a year was being spent on welfare benefits for mental illnesses in 2009 (National Mental Health, 2012). This is a trend of rising cost that will only be reversed through study and relevant and considered implement of infrastructure. The lack of a coordinated strategy to reduce the homeless issue only creates a potential for the issue to become intractable and even harder to combat (Wright, 2014). The impact of these costs on the national economy was damaging, increasing national debts thus affecting the general population through increases in tax, public s ervices, and as previously mentioned, cuts to national healthcare (National Mental Health, 2012). This issue touches each person in society in a direct manner, meaning that with the easing of homeless condition there will be a corresponding easing of social pressure of the whole of society. Therefore it is necessary for these determinants to be discussed as contributing factors to the urban health issue. 4 Conclusions and Recommendations The aim of this paper is to critique strategies such as the Tower Hamlets Homelessness Statement 2013 to 2017, the Homelessness Act and other interventions that tackle homelessness and mental illness as separate entities (Crisis, 2009). This review of material will create the opportunity to identify strengths and weaknesses in the approaches that could in turn be amended. Further, this review will provide a basis for long term strategy based on the continuous need to refine public policy in order to reduce the burden on society as a whole (Wright, 2014). Yet, in every case the solution must be both ethical and motivated by the desire to enhance the homeless population’s potential to achieve stability. The recommendations that will evolve as a result of this study will involve coordinated treatment programs (Coldwell Bender, 2007) such as Assertive Community Treatment (ACT), which aim to serve psychiatric outpatients whose mental illness causes serious functioning difficulties in aspects of life including work, social relationships, residential independence, money management, and physical health and wellness, all of which can have an impact on housing status (Dixon, 2000). Other possible avenues designed to create options including community housing initiatives, political action through policy reform, enhancing current infrastructure such as Habitat for Humanity and the National Coalition for the Homeless. This consideration of a wide range of evidence creates a variety of opportunities to explore and address the issues facing the modern homeless population (Iversen et al, 2011). It is expected that this study will conclude that the ACT is an effective measure in combating the cor e issues which lead to and maintain homelessness, and aim to recommend that government funding should be utilised to promote programs such as ACT which will make lasting changes in the homeless community. Further, there is an expectation that there will be a combination of past and prior factors that have contributed to the homeless population and that it will require a well-rounded intervention method in order to provide better prospects. In the end, the base goal of this essay is to provide potential paths for further research which will in turn work to alleviate the dismal conditions associated with the indigent condition. 4 References Bassuk, E.L., Rubin, L. Lauriat. A.S. (1986). Characteristics of sheltered homeless families. American Journal of Public Health. 76(9). 1097-1101. Breaky, W.R. (1992). Mental Health Services for Homeless People. pp101-107. Cited in: Homelessness: A National Perspective. Eds. Robertson, M.J. Greenblatt, M. (1992). Buckman, J., Forbes, H., Clayton, T., Jones, M., Jones, N., Greenberg, N., Sundin, J., Hull, L., Wessely, S. and Fear, N. (2013). Early Service leavers: a study of the factors associated with premature separation from the UK Armed Forces and the mental health of those that leave early.  The European Journal of Public Health, 23(3), pp.410415.Coldwell, C.M. Bender, W.S. (2007). The Effectiveness of Assertive Community Treatment for Homeless Populations With Severe Mental Illness: A Meta-Analysis. Am J Psychiatry. 164(3). 393-399.Communities and Local Government. (2009). Rough Sleeping England Total Street Count. Retrieved from: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20120919132719/communities.gov.uk/publications/corporate/statistics/roughsleeping2009 Accessed: 17th February 2014 Crisis MORI. (2002). Critical condition: Homeless people’s access to GPs. London. Dawson, A., Jackson, D. and Cleary, M. (2013). Mothering on the margins: Homeless women with an SUD and complex mental health co-morbidities.  Issues in mental health nursing, 34(4), pp.288293. Dixon, L. (2000). Assertive community treatment: Twenty-five years of cold. Psychiatric Services, 51, 759-765. Dunne, E., Duggan, M. and OMahony, J. (2012). Mental health services for homeless: patient profile and factors associated with suicide and homicide.  Mental health. Fazel, S; Khosla, V; Doll, H; Geddes, J (2008). The Prevalence of Mental Disorders among the Homeless in Western Countries: Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis. PLoS Med 5 (12). doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050225 Fitzpatrick, S., Bramley, G. and Johnsen, S. (2013). Pathways into multiple exclusion homelessness in seven UK cities.  Urban Studies, 50(1), pp.148168. Frankish, C.J., Hwang, S.W. Quantz, D. (2005). Homelessness and Health in Canada. Canadian Journal of Public Health. 2(96). 23-29. Hwang, S.W. (2001). Homelessness and health. CMAJ. 164(2). 229–233. Iversen, A., van Staden, L., Hughes, J., Greenberg, N., Hotopf, M., Rona, R., Thornicroft, G., National Mental Health. (2012). Development Unit. Factfile 3. The costs of mental ill health. Retrieved from: nmhdu.org.uk/silo/files/nmhdu-factfile-3.pdf Accessed: 16th February 2014 NHS Tower Hamlets. (2011). Homelessness: Factsheet. Tower Hamlets Joint Strategic Needs Assessment 2010 ­2011 . Retrieved from: towerhamlets.gov.uk/idoc.ashx?docid=f8390127-f61d-491b-8323-cea75d92a228version=1. Accessed: 16th February 2014 Riley, A.J., Harding, G., Underwood, M.R., Carter, Y.H. (2003). Homelessness: a problem for primary care? British Journal of General Practice. 473-479. Tischler, V., Vostanis, P., Bellerby, T. Cumella, S. (2002). Evaluation of a mental health outreach service for homeless families. Arch Dis Child. 86. 158–163. Tower Hamlets Clinical Commissioning Group. (August 2013). Mental Health Joint Strategic Needs Assessment for Tower Hamlets. Tower Hamlets Health and Wellbeing Board. Tower Hamlets Homelessness Statement. (2013). 2013 to 2017 Consultation Draft. Retrieved from: towerhamlets.gov.uk/lgsl/851900/868_housing_strategy_and_polic/homelessness_strategy.aspx Accessed: 17th February 2014 Rees, S. (2009). Mental Ill Health in the Adult Single Homeless Population: A review of the literature. Crisis, PHRU. Retrieved from: crisis.org.uk/data/files/publications/Mental%20health%20literature%20review.pdf. Accessed: 16th February 2014 Story, A., Murad, S., Roberts, W., Verheyen, M. Hayward, A.C. (2007). Tuberculosis in London: the importance of homelessness, problem drug use and prison. Thorax. 62(8). 667-671. Wessely, S. and Fear, N. (2011). The stigma of mental health problems and other barriers to care in the UK Armed Forces.  BMC health services research, 11(1), p.31. Wright, J. (2014). Health needs of the homeless.  InnovAiT: Education and inspiration for general practice, 7(2), pp.9198. Mental Illness Among Homeless In London Borough Of Tower Hamlet Abstract: Mental Illness Among Homeless In London Borough Of Tower Hamlet ). Statistics also show that  £77 billion a year was being spent on welfare benefits for mental illnesses in 2009. The impact of these costs on the national economy was damaging, increasing national debts thus affecting the general population through increases in tax, public services, and as previously mentioned, cuts to national healthcare. Therefore these determinants will also be discussed as contributing factors to the urban health issue. Strategies Interventions for Critique; Speculated Recommendations Conclusions: The aim of the paper will be to critique strategies such as the Tower Hamlets Homelessness Statement 2013 to 2017, the Homelessness Act and other interventions that tackle homelessness and mental illness as separate entities (Crisis, 2009). The recommendations I will make will involve coordinated treatment programs (Coldwell Bender, 2007) such as Assertive Community Treatment (ACT), which aim to serve psychiatric outpatients whose mental illness causes serious functioning difficulties in aspects of life including work, social relationships, residential independence, money management, and physical health and wellness, all of which can have an impact on housing status (Dixon, 2000). I expect to conclude that ACT is an effective measure in combating the core issues which lead to and maintain homelessness, and aim to recommend that government funding should be utilised to promote programs such as ACT which will make lasting changes in the homeless community. References Bassuk, E.L., Rubin, L. Lauriat. A.S. (1986). Characteristics of sheltered homeless families. American Journal of Public Health. 76(9). 1097-1101. Breaky, W.R. (1992). Mental Health Services for Homeless People. pp101-107. Cited in: Homelessness: A National Perspective. Eds. Robertson, M.J. Greenblatt, M. (1992). Coldwell, C.M. Bender, W.S. (2007). The Effectiveness of Assertive Community Treatment for Homeless Populations With Severe Mental Illness: A Meta-Analysis. Am J Psychiatry. 164(3). 393-399. Communities and Local Government. (2009). Rough Sleeping England Total Street Count. Retrieved from: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20120919132719/communities.gov.uk/publications/corporate/statistics/roughsleeping2009 Accessed: 17th February 2014 Crisis MORI. (2002). Critical condition: Homeless people’s access to GPs. London. Dixon, L. (2000). Assertive community treatment: Twenty-five years of cold. Psychiatric Services, 51, 759-765. Fazel, S; Khosla, V; Doll, H; Geddes, J (2008). The Prevalence of Mental Disorders among the Homeless in Western Countries: Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis. PLoS Med 5 (12). doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050225 Frankish, C.J., Hwang, S.W. Quantz, D. (2005). Homelessness and Health in Canada. Canadian Journal of Public Health. 2(96). 23-29. Hwang, S.W. (2001). Homelessness and health. CMAJ. 164(2). 229–233. National Mental Health. (2012). Development Unit. Factfile 3. The costs of mental ill health. Retrieved from: nmhdu.org.uk/silo/files/nmhdu-factfile-3.pdf Accessed: 16th February 2014 NHS Tower Hamlets. (2011). Homelessness: Factsheet. Tower Hamlets Joint Strategic Needs Assessment 2010 ­2011 . Retrieved from: towerhamlets.gov.uk/idoc.ashx?docid=f8390127-f61d-491b-8323-cea75d92a228version=1. Accessed: 16th February 2014 Riley, A.J., Harding, G., Underwood, M.R., Carter, Y.H. (2003). Homelessness: a problem for primary care? British Journal of General Practice. 473-479. Tischler, V., Vostanis, P., Bellerby, T. Cumella, S. (2002). Evaluation of a mental health outreach service for homeless families. Arch Dis Child. 86. 158–163. Tower Hamlets Clinical Commissioning Group. (August 2013). Mental Health Joint Strategic Needs Assessment for Tower Hamlets. Tower Hamlets Health and Wellbeing Board. Retrieved from: towerhamletsccg.nhs.uk/Get_Involved/Tower%20Hamlets%20Mental%20Health%20Joint%20Strategic%20Needs%20Assessment%20Part%20One%20-%20Population%20Needs.pdf Accessed: 17th February 2014 Tower Hamlets Homelessness Statement. (2013). 2013 to 2017 Consultation Draft. Retrieved from: towerhamlets.gov.uk/lgsl/851900/868_housing_strategy_and_polic/homelessness_strategy.aspx Accessed: 17th February 2014 Rees, S. (2009). Mental Ill Health in the Adult Single Homeless Population: A review of the literature. Crisis, PHRU. Retrieved from: crisis.org.uk/data/files/publications/Mental%20health%20literature%20review.pdf. Accessed: 16th February 2014 Story, A., Murad, S., Roberts, W., Verheyen, M. Hayward, A.C. (2007). Tuberculosis in London: the importance of homelessness, problem drug use and prison. Thorax. 62(8). 667-671.

Education of children with disabilities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Education of children with disabilities - Essay Example They explained how Paraeducators could widen their scope and include the visually impaired students in physical education (17). Schischka, Rawlinson, and Hamilton in their qualitative study addressed the transition of young children with disabilities, from home to school. These also identified the most important factor necessary for a successful transition of children with disabilities (15). Finally, Sartini, Knight, and Collins focused on the importance of formation of social groups in schools so that students with disabilities could be able to socialise with their peers comfortably. They argued that social groups in such scenarios help to address communication needs of children with disabilities (53). Hudson, Browder, and Wakeman reported that since adapting to grade-level text is a challenge to most intellectually disabled children and a challenge for teachers to help them achieve this, this should not be the end of the story, since there are remedies for this situation. They dwel t on different strategies, which educators can employ in their lessons with intellectually disabled children, to help them adapt faster to grade-level text. ... In the case of Hudson, Browder, and Wakeman, because the intellectually disabled children were challenged with adapting to grade-level text, they were often excluded from active learning. Since teachers found this also challenging, they could focus only on those students with good intellectual capacities. Here, then there comes the aspect of seclusion in education. Similarly, Lieberman and Conroy address the factor of seclusion, although in children who are visually impaired, and being secluded from physical education, and not classroom learning like the case of Hudson, Browder, and Wakeman. Lieberman and Conroy in their study investigated the inclusion of visually impaired students in physical education, and found it wanting. They traced this phenomenon to lack of training of Paraeducators on how to include visually impaired children in physical education. They identified education of Paraeducators in this issue, as the best strategy to address the exclusion of these kind of student s from participation in physical education (23-6). Schischka, Rawlinson, and Hamilton identified the fact that transiting from life at home to school-life is challenging to children with disabilities. In their study therefore, they identified one strategy that would help both the parents and educators of the disabled children, as well as the disabled children themselves to experience a smooth transition (15-6). When a disabled child adapts well to school and the learning process, they are able to catch up faster in class, enjoy schooling, and perform better. This is therefore, a strategy, just like the cases of Hudson, Browder, and Wakeman; and Lieberman and Conroy, to help disabled children

John Locke Second Treatise on Government vs. Voltaire Candide Term Paper

John Locke Second Treatise on Government vs. Voltaire Candide - Term Paper Example Locke attempted to explain the reasons King James II was overthrown justifiably and why he was ascended by William III. He as well wanted to define the legal role of the civil government. He defined the role of the civil government as the political power and a right of law making which includes penalties of death and fewer penalties for regulating property as well as preserving them and employing forces of executing these laws, in defense of common wealth against foreign injury. This is all for the good of the public . On the other hand, Voltaire Candide is about Candide who grows in the province of Westphalia in Germany. He is made to believe that he lives in a world that is of the best quality . This belief starts to change when he started experiencing horrors of poverty, war, the hypocrisy that the church had and maliciousness of man. According to Locke, the government was in existence, among many other things, in order to promote the good of the public as well as to protect the property, liberty and life of its people. This is what is considered to being the main point of having a government and these are the purposes for its existence (Locke 12). For the above reasons, the people who run or govern are supposed to be voted in by the entire society. It is the right of the society to hold powers of instating another government when it is necessary. Locke believes that people are free by nature. This is the belief that founded his philosophy about the government. This is also supported by Voltaire Candide. He says that the government is supposed to be in existence in order to support the society and provide them with all they need. But according to Candide, this does not happen since the people having authority were corrupt and usually abused their powers. The society’s rights and freedom were not granted and they faced a lot of hardships. There are certain literary artifacts that were used in making the different points they had. Locke argues that in case the society is dissolved, it is also likely that the government will as well dissolve. He said that it is very impossible to have the frame of any house subsist and the materials that make it are jumbled into heaps that are confused by an earthquake4. The agreement of individuals to work as a single body is what makes up a society. If the agreement brakes and the different individuals make the decision to separate, then the community will end up breaking. When the government does not have its society, the government will as well dissolve. But in case a government dissolves and the society remains as one, the people shall still have the power to reform the government as they would like. On the other hand, Voltaire Candide uses wealth in explaining his points of view. Wealth leads to greed and causes war. The need to possess wealth enco uraged robbery and abuse of power. In his work, wealth is depicted as transient. Even though it may be beneficial, it is not ultimately fulfilling5. There are different practices of their time that these writers mock or criticize. Locke criticizes the act of slavery. He says that men has a natural liberty of being free and not have any power that is superior on earth. Man is not supposed to be under any legislative authority or will of man but is supposed to have the law of nature to rule him. He also says that no man should control the right to own property. This is because God gave life to all men in common and gave them reason to use it to their advantage and convenience. Every person has the right of owning property wherever they would like to. Just like Locke, Voltaire Candide criticizes slavery in a great way. The abuse of power leads to slavery since the leaders use their power

Nisha Cyclone In India Media Essay

Nisha Cyclone In India Media Essay Communication plays a critical role in disaster prevention and management. A variety of media channels are used for disaster communications, before and during a disaster. For example, communication in the form of visible or audible signals, leaflets, announcements by speaker cars and public events have been known. Mass media in the form of newspapers, television, radio, internet, etc have certain characteristics that make them advantageous for disaster communications. They provide easy access to large population and some of them constitute a robust communication system which remains working even in cases of a partial breakdown of the infrastructure. On the other hand, sources dealing with the media know that media can be difficult at times. There is no direct control over the content and form of information that is being transmitted. Sources who want to communicate with the public have to deal with journalists who do not form a passive information channel but act as gate keepers, int erpreters and commentators. Media hence can support or obstruct the disaster management of government agencies and relief organizations. This research paper analyzes the print media coverage of Nisha cyclone that had hit the coast of Tamil Nadu and Puducherry in November 2008. The researcher has done a survey to study public interests in content designing and disaster news presentation through print media. Keywords: natural disasters, prevention, management, warning, communication, print media coverage INTRODUCTION India has been traditionally vulnerable to natural disasters on account of its unique geo-climatic conditions. Indias total coastline is 7,516 kilometers in length, which comprises 5,422 kilometers for the mainland, 132 kilometers for the Lakshadweep Islands, and 1,962 kilometers for the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes and landslides have been recurrent phenomena. About 60% of the landmass is prone to earthquakes of various intensities; over 40 million hectares is prone to floods; about 8% of the total area is prone to cyclones and 68% of the area is susceptible to drought. The Indian sub-continent is prone to several types of natural disasters. Major natural hazards include droughts, floods, earthquakes, and tropical cyclones and minor ones include landslides, hailstorms, avalanches, bushfires and forest fires. These disasters take a heavy toll on human lives and resources causing economic, environment and social losses. Natural disasters affect the rural community the most, as they are vulnerable to economic changes, and have no alternate means of livings. Natural disasters destroy infrastructure, cause mass migration, reduction in food and fodder supplies and sometimes leads to drastic situations like starvation. At the global level, there has been considerable concern over natural disasters. Even as substantial scientific and material progress is made, the loss of lives and property due to disasters has not decreased. In fact, the human toll and economic losses have mounted. NATURAL DISASTERS: CYCLONES An event or hazard is called a disaster when it threatens property and lives and is unforeseen and often sudden. The WHO defines a disaster as A severe disruption, ecological and psychological, which greatly exceeds the coping capacity of the affected community. It causes great damage, destruction and human suffering. A disaster is a very complex multi dimensional phenomenon and along many dimensions like social, economic, material, psychological or social, but unlikely to be one along all of these in a specific direction. Often the number of human lives lost is an important criterion for defining a disaster. Disaster is a sudden, calamitous event bringing great damage, loss, and destruction and devastation to life and property. The damage caused by disasters is immeasurable and varies with the geographical location, climate and the type of the earth surface/degree of vulnerability. This influences the mental, socio-economic, political and cultural state of the affected area. It may also be termed as a serious disruption of the functioning of society, causing widespread human, material or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using its own resources. A Cyclonic Storm or a Cyclone is an intense vortex or a whirl in the atmosphere with very strong winds circulating around it in anti-clockwise direction in the Northern Hemisphere and in clockwise direction in the Southern Hemisphere. The word Cyclone is derived from the Greek, word Cyclos meaning the coils of a snake. To Henri Peddington, the tropical storms in the Bay of Bengal and in the Arabian Sea appeared like the coiled serpents of the sea and he named these storms as Cyclones. Cyclones are categorized as hydro meteorological disasters. Cyclones are intense low pressure areas from the centre of which pressure increases outwards- The amount of the pressure drop in the centre and the rate at which it increases outwards gives the intensity of the cyclones and the strength of winds. CYCLONES IN THE INDIAN SEAS Cyclones form in certain favorable atmospheric and Oceanic conditions. There are marked seasonal variations in their places of origin, tracks and attainment of intensities. These behaviors help in predicting their movements. Figure 1.1.1 Cyclone prone areas in India Source: Compare Infobase Limited (2007) Tropical cyclones, which are severe storms spun off from the Inter tropical Convergence Zone, may affect thousands of Indians living in coastal regions. Tropical cyclogenesis(the technical term describing the development and strengthening of a tropical cyclone in the atmosphere) is particularly common in the northern regions of the Indian Ocean in and around the Bay of Bengal. Cyclones bring with them heavy rains, storm surges, and winds that often cut affected areas off from relief and supplies. In the North Indian Ocean Basin, the cyclone season runs from April to December, with peak activity between May and November. Each year, an average of eight storms with sustained wind speeds greater than 63 km/h (39 mph) form; of these, two strengthen into true tropical cyclones, which have sustained gusts greater than 117 km/h (73 mph). On average, a major cyclone develops every other year. Wind and Cyclones during the period 1877-2005: 283 cyclones (106 severe) in a 50 km wide strip on the East Coast Less severe cyclonic activity on West Coast (35 cyclones in the same period) In 19 severe cyclonic storms, death toll> 10,000 lives During summer, the Bay of Bengal is subject to intense heating, giving rise to humid and unstable air masses that morph into cyclones. 1.25 million lives have been lost in Bay of Bengal till now because of 21 cyclones that had hit the region. The 1737 Calcutta cyclone, the 1970 Bhola cyclone, and the 1991 Bangladesh cyclone rank among the most powerful cyclones to strike India, devastating the coasts of eastern India and neighboring Bangladesh. Widespread death and property destruction are reported every year in the exposed coastal states of West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu. Indias western coast, bordering the more placid Arabian Sea, experiences cyclones only rarely; these mainly strike Gujarat and, less frequently, Kerala. Cyclone 05B, a super cyclone that struck Orissa on 29 October 1999, was the deadliest in more than a quarter-century. With peak winds of 160 miles per hour (257 km/h), it was the equivalent of a Category 5 hurricane. Almost two million people were left homeless; another 20 million people life was disrupted by the cyclone. Officially, 9,803 people died from the storm; unofficial estimates place the death toll at over 10,000. Pre and Post-monsoon storms are more violent than the storms of the monsoon season. Life span of a severe cyclonic storm in the Indian seas averages about 4 days from the time it forms until the time it enters the land. DESTRUCTION CAUSED BY CYCLONES There are three elements associated with a cyclone, which cause destruction. They are 1. Cyclones are associated with high-pressure gradients and consequent strong winds. These, in turn, generate storm surges. A storm surge is an abnormal rise of sea level near the coast caused by a severe tropical cyclone; as a result, sea water inundates low lying areas of coastal regions drowning human beings and live- stock, eroding beaches and embankments, destroying vegetation and reducing soil fertility. 2. Very strong winds may damage installations, dwellings, communication systems, trees, etc. resulting in loss of life and property. 3. Heavy and prolonged rains due to cyclones may cause river floods and submergence of low lying areas by rain causing loss of life and property. Floods and coastal inundation due to storm surges pollute drinking water sources causing outbreak of epidemics. It may be mentioned that all the three factors mentioned above occur simultaneously and, therefore, relief operations for distress mitigation become difficult. So it is imperative that advance action is taken for relief measures before the commencement of adverse weather conditions due to cyclones. The most destructive element associated with an intense cyclone is storm surge. Past history indicates that loss of life is significant when surge magnitude is 3 meters or more and catastrophic when 5 meters and above. WARNING SYSTEM IN INDIA In the last five decades, government is making attempts to highlight the use of information technology in providing early warning systems for effective disaster management, especially in Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and West Bengal coasts, which are susceptible to such storms. The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) provides cyclone warnings from the Area Cyclone Warning Centers (ACWCs) at Calcutta, Chennai and Mumbai, and Cyclone Warning Centers (CWCs) at Bhubaneswar, Visakhapatnam and Ahmadabad. The IMD has developed the necessary infrastructure to generate and disseminate the cyclone warnings to the cyclone prone coastal areas. It uses a number of communication channels like telegram, fax, e-mails, etc. to communicate warning messages at appropriate levels. Cyclone warning is done in two stages. At first a warning on cyclone alert is issued 48 hours in advance of the expected commencement of adverse weather over coastal areas. The second stage cyclone warning is issued 24 hours in advance. The IMD constantly examines the coastline for the likely genesis of tropical storms with the help of satellite imagery, particularly those from the multipurpose geo-stationary satellite, INSAT. Information from ships and ocean buoys is also taken into consideration. There is a chain of Cyclone Detection Radars (CDRs) that are installed along the coastal belt of India have proved to be an effective tool to the cyclone warning work. These radars can locate and track approaching Tropical Cyclones within a range of 400 km. The National Disaster Management Bill, 2005 also emphasizes the setting up, maintaining, reviewing and upgrading of early warning mechanisms and the dissemination of proper information to the public. The aim of any warning system is to alert people to take appropriate and timely steps for the safety of life and property. A natural disaster cannot be evaded but we need to make effective use of available resources to minimize the loss and aftermath. CYCLONE NISHA Nature unleashed havoc in Nagapattinam and Karaikal districts on 26 November 2008. Heavy rainfall and gusty winds claimed three lives in Nagapattinam besides flooding the dwellings and driving over 78,000 people to 308 cyclone-relief centers. As the cyclonic storm Nisha got nearer, the coastal areas started receiving heavy rains and strong winds. The total rainfall recorded at 8.30 am stood at 2,145 mm, with Vedaranyam registering the highest of 333 mm. In Cuddalore, over six lakhs people were affected by the torrential rainfall in the coastal district as more than 50,000 houses were inundated, paddy and sugarcane crops raised on 200,000 acres submerged and power transmission crippled for more than 15 hours in the district. The rainfall accompanied by strong wind uprooted more than 1,000 roadside trees. In Pamban, while torrential rain continued to lash different parts of the Ramanathapuram district on Wednesday, the fifth cyclone warning signal was hoisted at Pamban port office. Relief Details (as on 27 November 2008) No of people evacuated 106,145 No of relief centers opened 650 No of people in relief centers 89,395 Total no of food packets distributed 548,205 Total cash dole distributed 450,000 Cyclone Nisha caused a death toll of 89 in Tamil Nadu. The toll in rain related incidents in Tamil Nadu during the six days, mounted to 89, with 25 more deaths reported from rain-affected districts till Friday 28 November. It is understood that natural disasters can neither be predicted nor prevented. The problem before us is how to cope with them, minimizing their impact. Tamil Nadu has witnessed havoc caused by cyclones and storm surge in the coastal regions, earthquakes, monsoon floods, landslides, and recently the Tsunami. Increase in urban population coupled with the construction of man-made structures often poorly built and maintained subject cities to greater levels of risk to life and property in the event of earthquakes and other natural hazards. The media and disaster management agencies have important roles to play in crises. Each needs the other in order to perform its function better. Information needs to be presented responsibly, with contextual understanding. Hence, this research aims to study the print media coverage of Nisha Cyclone in Chennai edition newspapers. The objective of the study is to find out the newspapers that have greater readership among the coastal communities and to a nalyze the print media coverage of Nisha Cyclone. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The researcher has adopted Survey and Content Analysis method for performing the research. The tool used for data collection for survey method is questionnaire and the samples were chosen by using simple random sampling technique. The sample size is 300 and the survey was taken among the people in Chennai who read newspapers. The Parameters chosen for content analysis were the total number of news articles appearing relating to Nisha cyclone; the page number in which the news articles appears; pagination of the news article (left or right); placement of news articles (top or bottom); total number of black and white; colored photos; news content (Image or Text or both) for quantitative analysis. For the qualitative analysis, the parameters taken were Context: The type of disaster news article (advice, disaster agent, safety message, damages, countermeasures, restoration); Target audience: The target audience focused based on the geographical areas and that are focused; genre of news: Feature, interview, announcement; Graphic Appeal: The type of the graphic elements used to convey news; Photo Featured: Additional resources such as visual aid (Graphic images or illustrated pictures) supporting the news item; Comprehension: The type of technical and descriptive words used in the content; Approach: News presentation in direct or third person format; Authentication of the news by analyzing the mentioned source of information; Bias: The political bias in the news. The researcher has taken the survey primarily to determine the newspapers on which the content analysis is to be applied. Secondly the survey also intended to find what type and format of the news does people prefer when it comes to disaster and the peoples trust upon the weather forecasts. The researcher has analyzed the news content relating to the Nisha cyclone in the newspaper that has got greater readership among survey respondents. From the survey, it was found that, the number of people who prefer television to receive the disaster related news is found maximal constituting 69%. Newspaper is found to be the next highly preferred medium with 47% and Radio was preferred only by 13% of the respondents. Since the question is a multiple choice, respondents may select more than one checkbox, so percentages may add up to more than 100%. As seen clearly the most preferred media is television: this is due to the fact that television has penetrated deeply in the society and the access to television is high as the government has given free television sets to almost all rural families. However newspapers have occupied the second place in the preference. The number of people who prefer Tamil as the language to receive the disaster related news is found maximal constituting 63%. English is found to be the next highly preferred language. The preference given to regional language to get the disaster news is very high. And the people who prefer both the languages are found in fair numbers. Dinakaran takes the majority of the news paper readership with 40%. The second most prefered newspaper is Dinathandi. From this survey results, the Tamil daily newspaper, Dinakaran is taken for content analysis. 62% of the respondents prefer reading The Hindu. Hence the English daily newspaper, The Hindu is also taken for content analysis. 66% of the respondents read the weather report rarely and 21% dont read the weather report at all. With respect to the credibility of the weather forecast and reports, the trustworthiness is found to be moderate. The most preferred content for disaster related news is the combination of both text and image News on Disaster preparedness and precautionary measures are much read by the respondents. But such content is found to be minimal. Government interventions and post-disaster news are found to be more. News in the form of Interviews and featured articles are highly preferred in terms of presentation. 85% of the people share information regarding the disaster with their family, friends and relatives. The total number of news articles that appeared in the two chosen newspapers related to Nisha cyclone in the twenty days duration between 22nd November 2008 and 11th December 2008 are: 275 articles in Dinakaran and 67 articles in The Hindu. In Dinakaran, nearly 64% of the articles appeared in the Main page and 36% in supplements. But in The Hindu, all the articles appeared in main page. Dinakaran has presented the news items in random fashion both in main and supplement pages. But in The Hindu the articles were presented only in the main paper. A highest percentage of 36% of articles appeared in the third page of The Hindu which covers regional news. Right side of a news paper is considered to be the side of high readability but equal numbers of news articles appear both the sides. Regarding the position of news articles, it is seen that majority of the news articles related to Nisha cyclone have appeared in upper half of the news papers. More number of pictures appears in color in both the newspapers. The combination of both image and text is found high in The Hindu whereas its low in Dinakaran. Regarding the information covered, In Dinakaran it is found that 49% of the news items were related to effects of Nisha cyclone on people and properties; however warning was first given only in the Dinakaran as a news article in the front page on 22nd November 2008. Only one article was on preparedness. Relief and Rehabilitation news appeared more in number followed by the effects. News involving political parties providing relief funds and people demanding their needs were given more importance. The Hindu carried the first warning message only in the column dedicated for weather report including rainfall indications which were given right from the 20th November 2008 in the same column. Since The Hindu adopts featured articles, the above said context parameters were found in combined state in all the articles relating to the Nisha cyclone. Even in The Hindu, minimal coverage was given to preparedness and more importance was given to relief and rehabilitiation during the post-disaster phase. Regional Information was given more importance in The Hindu. Dinakaran has given a good coverage of information in Chennai and also in the areas around Chennai which was drastically affected by Nisha Cyclone. Dinakaran has presented the news in simple direct style. News items were of specific topic only. But in The Hindu the news articles were completely of the featured news format. In Dinakaran, an underlined common topic was used to identify the cyclone related news and the follow up news articles too appeared in the same common topic. By lines appeared in the background of dual colors. Dinakaran has also used borders and color backgrounds in presenting the news items. The Hindu has not used much of these graphic elements in presenting the news but in small number of news items it has added the borders to separate the related news from the main news. The combination of both image and text is highly preferred among the people; The Hindu follows this combination in presenting the news and additionally it has also used more than one image in this combination. But in Dinakaran, full page photo feature are commonly seen. Dinakaran uses descriptive words for news related Nisha cyclone which is found to be harsh aggressive, whereas The Hindu has used a gag sort of descriptive words. The approach was found to be very direct in Dinakaran but in The Hindu it appears indirect, always. Dinakaran news articles are found to be less authentic as mere voices are presented without any reference but in The Hindu the name and place of the sources are given then and there. The bias is defined in one study as a perceived attribute of a news source whereby the individual news source, or the group the news source represents, has a clear vested interest in a cause or action relative to maintaining or changing the status quoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (and) a biased journalistic perspective, then, would mean only one side, not two or more sides, of an issue is presented.. Post-disaster News is found to be biased. In Dinakaran, maximum number of articles covered are relief, rehabilitations and politicians visits but its found very less in The Hindu. CONCLUSION Both the newspapers show very poor coverage of news on Disaster Preparedness which is mandatory. Only one article appeared in each newspaper, contradicting the highest of 38% of respondents demand for news on disaster preparedness. Scope for information on the science concepts involving natural disasters are found more. The survey shows that 23% of the people prefer to know the technical and scientific aspects of the disasters, which nearly equals to the number of people who wish to know the statistical information. The credibility of the weather report is very moderate. In The Hindu cyclone warning was given as a segment in the weather forecast from November 20, 2008, whereas Dinakaran gave much importance to cyclone warning by presenting it as an article in the 1st page. The importance for Nisha cyclone coverage is less as the newspaper has carried only a total of four articles in first page. The ratio of the cyclone news coverage in The Hindu and Dinakaran is in the ratio of 1:4 showing the immenseness of Dinakaran in covering the Nisha Cyclone. This indicates that less preference is given in The Hindu for the coverage of Nisha cyclone. Full page photo features were observed more in Dinakaran than in The Hindu. This is mainly due to the fact that picture fills the newspaper easily unlike news articles that demand efforts of news gathering, reporting and editing. The second fact is that use of color and pictures are eye-catchy and contribute to newspaper selling also. The Hindu is found to fulfill the respondents need by presenting news features than filling the pages with mere images. Less than 0.3% of the cyclone related articles were on preparedness, even though people expect such news. From the survey it is found that 34 % of the people demand preparedness, warning and precautionary measures related news. Dinakaran doesnt carry a separate column for weather forecast whereas The Hindu carries weather report every day. Weather forecast in The Hindu appears in much smaller fonts indicating the less importance given to it. The Hindu caries separate column for the weather forecasts that contain both the statistical and technical information daily, but the font size appears too small lessening the readability factor of the weather forecast. The results of the study prove the Agenda Setting Theory. Media agenda setting refers to the deliberate coverage of topics or events with the goal of influencing public opinion and public policy. The media framed most of the cyclone stories by emphasizing government response and less often addressing individuals and communities level of preparedness, warning dissemination, information on precautionary measures or responsibility. Hence, more articles covered response and recovery than mitigation and preparation. The newspapers studied focused significantly more on government response than on key public health roles in disaster management. In future, coordination need to be enhanced among the public health professionals, policy makers and mass media before, during, and after disasters occur. We would also expect members of the general population, including DRM practitioners and policy makers, to view well-publicized issues as more important than those receiving little media attention. SUGGESTIONS Newspaper is still a better preferred medium in this digital age in receiving disaster related news articles; it can be used effectively in educating people regarding disaster preparedness in Indian context. Reporting only at the time of disaster happening has been the trend so far adopted by present media yet this rule has to be changed at this age of increasing disasters. Steps have to be taken upon improving peoples opinion on the weather forecast. This can be achieved only educating people about disaster. Finally, even though the means to the end are evolving, the goals, the values, and the underlying principles of effective disaster communication the need for transparency, increased accessibility, trustworthiness and reliability, and to create partnerships with the mediahave not changed and need to be embraced along with the practical ability to convey information effectively.